My K-8 school has recess before school starts and then a 60 minute lunch/recess. We have a play structure, swings, basketball hoops, foursquare, tetherball, a play house, a big field with soccer nets and a baseball diamond, and this time of year we also have sledding, snowshoeing, and huge snow piles to climb on and build with. And some kids STILL complain that they don't have anything fun to do. On the infrequent days that it is decided to stay in, kids can play in the gym or play board games in the library. Middle school kids can opt to stay in the classroom and do schoolwork if they want, but we don't force anyone to.
As a teacher, even though I know perfectly well that recess is as important as academics, I have had to keep kids in to finish work or as punishment. I hate doing it, but when the reality is that the kids and I are held accountable for grades and academic achievement, sometimes you can't figure out any other time to get things done. Staying after school is not an option for a lot of kids. And as far as punishment goes, that is a last resort, but I have found myself saying things like "since your behavior has taken away 5 minutes of your learning time, you can use 5 minutes of your play time to balance it out."
I loved the NYT article. I hope lots of teachers and school administrators read it and take it to heart.