I can think of a couple of picture books:
Owl Moon by Jane Yolen (You actually can't tell for sure whether the kid is a girl, but I think she looks more like a girl. Not much explicit love, but it shows a girl and father doing something cool together.)
Babar's Rescue - Babar's daugher Isabelle rescues her father after he's kidnapped.
And for older kids, Inkheart, Inkspell, and Inkdeath by Cornelia Funke. Oh, and A Little Princess, but most of the story is about what happens after the loving father dies.
As far as adult books, there's Silas Marner (about a man who adopts a little girl) and Les Miserables, which also has a man raising a girl as if he were her father.