While Waldorf has many consistencies across Waldorf schools (ie-exact curriculum from 1-12g, same home life expectations-no media/screens) schools vary tremendously, and within schools I think you have to go on a teacher by teacher basis.
I've read the mama support thread, and recommend it, there is a lot of wisdom there. Also cautionary tales. If something feels wrong to you or if your child is saying something is wrong, don't discount that.
That said, I am a Waldorf parent of a 5th grader (and 1st and K). We were Waldorf/Enki hsers, then had the opportunity to move to a W. school in a part of the country that we wanted to be.
First, the anthrosposphy--it was such a bigger deal to me when we were hsing. Lessening the influence, or researching my place to it, etc. etc. Now that we're in the school, it's not a big deal. Not a cult. There are anthroposophists at the school (obviously), teachers and parents but in no way are we under any pressure in any way with regard to what we believe. I appreciate that my dd's class teacher has the spiritual grounding that she has. I love that my kids are at a school that gives an awareness that there is a spiritual world. I do not feel like it is dogmatic at our school. Yes, festival life is important, yes the festivals straddle some "other" ground between Christian and pagan, but for us it's not a big deal. I give them my Buddhist world view, and there are families of every other religion at the school.
I do think you do need to go to your school's enrichment offerings so you can understand what is going on, and how they apply Steiner, and anthroposophy. Waldorf schools are rigid, they do the things that they do, and it's better to invest the time to learn as much as you can about the philosophy and your particular school's Waldorf culture.
The racist/nazi stuff I have only come across on the plans site or secondhand from a board. Again I think this depends on what is going on at your school. I really don't think contemporary anthroposophists see anything to gain from those Steiner quotes. I know that none of that is going on at our school, and we don't have any "old guard" that would retain those kinds of views. Their entire third grade year is an immersion in Old testament and Jewish festival life, and it is such a rich respectful year.
I can't really address the "real science isn't taught thing". I know my dd will start elements of physics next year. Up until then it has been more Goethean observation of the natural world. I do know several irl scientists that advocate the Waldorf approach from the perspective of "imagination is more important that knowledge". This is another piece that you have to look at and define your comfort level --I go to the offerings that our hs has, and it certainly looks like those kids are getting science (the machines they build, their drawings, the content of their main lesson books), they are also taking standardized tests and getting in to colleges.
Like mentioned above, go on the tour, ask lots of questions, and find current parents at the school and get their take on things.
We love our school, but if our oldest had had a teacher on either side (up or down a grade), I don't think she would have had such a good fit, and I probably would have pulled her and hs'd her again. That is another thing you might not be aware of---they stay with their class teacher from 1st to 5th (or 8th) Grade.
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