Ah, my area of expertise. Â :) Â I've been a professional music teacher since the mid-90s, with a BMus and and MMus degrees, blah blah blah. Â :)
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If you're just talking about teaching something at home, with no musical knowledge yourself, I would recommend the recorder for sure. Â There's even programs out there specifically for homeschooling parents who don't know anything about music. Â :)
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If you're looking into taking outside lessons, then it's pretty much whatever the child is most interested in -- with a few exceptions. Â A 6yo is not ready for instruments which require larger lung capacities or "wind power" -- most band instruments, in other words. Â Flute, trumpet, etc. Â Also, they require a complex adjustment - in fingering, in embouchure, and in breath support - for every single note, whereas piano and strings are more straightforward -- plunk fingers, pull a bow, note comes out. Â Generally, age 9-10 is considered a minimum starting age for band instruments, they have more mature bodies and can handle the coordination and control of sound production. Â
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So a 6yo is probably ready for piano and for string instruments. Â That being said, not every 6yo is ready for "traditional" private lessons. Â I've had some students younger than 6 who definitely were, and students age 8 who still weren't. Â So a lot depends on the TEACHER and the class/lesson methodology, more than it depend on the particular instrument. Â :) Â
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Suzuki classes, Kindermusic, MYC, these are all great options. Â And if she's REALLY keen on, say, the piano, then ask around -- find the local music teachers' association -- and try to get recommendations on what teachers are really good with young kids.
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Oh, guitar -- can depend on the teacher as well. Â I've known guitar teachers who won't take kids under age 10 or so, for various reasons, and others who would. Â
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And I would seriously recommend -- if you don't know music yourself, do NOT try to teach your child anything beyond things like the recorder. Â I know this is contrary to what we usually believe as homeschoolers! Â But I see music as more like a trained skill, than a knowledge subject. Â Anyone can learn ancient history on their own from reading the right books, watching a few movies, etc. Â But you won't learn how to figure skate very well by yourself. Â You need a coach. Â You can learn some basics, like what the notes on the page mean, to a certain extent anyway, on your own. Â But to play an instrument, you need a *coach*. Â I've seen first-hand the problems that happen from bad habits formed early -- either from self-studying kids or unqualified teachers! Â It is SO much harder to fix later on after the habit or misunderstanding is entrenched. Â They just miss out on so much. Â It seems easy to say "oh we'll just start with the easy stuff ourselves, then get a teacher when we start to struggle" -- but it rarely ever works that way, even with the best of intentions. Â Either the eventual teacher has to fix things and start from scratch ... or else the kid becomes frustrated and/or bored and quits.
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(And of course there are exceptions, my own son has been a mostly self-studied musician so far, I try to help him out with some things but he does most of it on his own... however, he has an exceptional innate talent, above what most kids have -- this isn't 'stage mama' talk either, everyone is astonished by him, myself included!! -- therefore most kids do need music teachers to guide them through stuff they can't figure out themselves)
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