Honestly, I've known that my oldest DS likely had ADHD since he was around 3-4 yrs. old. When we would go to playgroups or to appts. of various sorts, he was always "that" kid who ran around like crazy, climbed everything in sight, got into everything and buzzed from one thing to the next like a hummingbird flitting from flower to flower. Back then, I focused mostly on his hyperactive tendencies, but those actually improved a great deal with age and by the time he finally received the official dx at the age of 11, he was dx with ADD inattentive type only.
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I think the reason most of the literature is devoted to older, school-aged children is because that is the critical point when a child's lack of focus and attention start to have a significant negative impact on their life AND when their behavior starts to really fall out of the norm for their peer group. Let's face it, noticing a toddler or preschooler be all over the place isn't unusual, but seeing that same lack of control in an 8-year-old while the rest of his/her peers are sitting quietly working, well, it stands out, you know? Also, while ADHD toddlers and preschoolers can be downright exhausting for their parents to deal with, there aren't too many non-home situations where a child of that age is expected to perform or achieve. The school years, though, carry more weight and greater expectations, and not being able to focus during that time frame can bring with it some longer-lasting negative effects: poor grades, social problems, behavioral issues, poor self-esteem.
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For our family, although I knew DS had ADHD, I wasn't moved to seek out a dx and official treatment (DS now takes meds) until his academic life really began to suffer, and with it, his self-esteem. Up until then, the behavorial strategies and dietary supplements, etc. that we had been doing were enough to get him by. In other words, we weren't anxious to move to meds until they were clearly needed. But I will say that DS on meds has been a revelation: not only is his schoolwork significantly improved, but he is happier, and vastly more competent in all areas of life. He describes it as being "the best version of himself" when on meds.
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Hope this helps a bit...
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Kind regards,
Guin