Have you read "How to Talk So Your Children Will Listen... And Listen So Your Children Will Talk?" There are also some good books on Non-violent communication that might help (but I can never remember any titles).
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This is a great time for you to help teach him the words for his strong emotions. "Oh, it sounds like you're really upset/mad/angry/disappointed/frustrated". The more his emotion vocabulary improves, and the more time he has to learn to deal with his intense emotions, the better he'll be able to identify them. It's a real gift to your child to help them to be identify and talk about their emotions. But it's a gift that takes years and years to give.
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I'm in the middle of Raising Cain and one of the points the authors of that book make are that boys tend not to have words for their emotions as much as girls do and that parents tend not to talk about emotions as much with boys as they do with girls. Since the books is a good 15 years old, I'm not sure how true that is, but I do know that giving kids words for their emotions can really help them. When ds was just under 2 1/2 he was terrified of loud noises. He'd had a bad fireworks experience that year (just with the ones lit off in the neighborhood), but it was before we realized the extent of ds' sensory issues. He spent the next 2 months saying "I'm scared" any time a loud noise went off. I'm not sure what prompted me to do this, but I started teaching him the difference between 'scared,' 'startled,' and 'surprised'. The word 'startled' was really powerful for him. When he jumped/screamed after a loud noise, I'd say "oh that startled you". I could see him process that thought and his body visibly relax as he did so. He would remember that 'startled' was temporary and manageable.
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Note too that if your son tends toward strong feelings, managing his emotions is going to take years, not months. Our intense 7 year old still flies off the handle and says things like "You are so mean!" "I never get to do what I want to do!" and other irrational things when she's mad. She feels that way in the moment, and that's what comes out. It's not a permanent feeling, it's temporary because she's angry. I think it's important to remember that when your son says "I don't love you anymore, momma" what he's really saying is "I'm really mad at you right now, momma".
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The way we treat tantrums (when we're on our game and not tired/hungry ourselves):
Acknowledge the feeling, offer comfort if they'll take it (often they're too upset to want to cuddle), and then disengage. When they're having a tantrum, it's not a time for reasoning or teaching. Pointing out to dd all the times she does get to do what she wants when she declares "I never get to do what I want to do!" is useless. If my kids are overtired, hungry, stressed, lonely or out of their routine, I also know that it's not a teachable moment. What we have to do is manage the environment to fix the real problem (get them to sleep, eat, relax, or reconnect).
If it goes on for a long time, we'll ask them to take it elsewhere. Both my kids often need to be by themselves to calm down. When they were 2-3-4, we would have to bring them to their rooms. Now we simply say "that's enough, if you want to continue, take it to your room." Both have gotten quite good at stomping off and slamming the door. Personally, I see that as real progress in emotional regulation.
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