Amy - baking soda is very soft on the MOH's scale (the hardness of minerals - for example, diamonds are very high on the scale and can scratch just about everything). It shouldn't scratch your porcelain at all, since baking soda dissolves a little bit with a little water and dissolves completely with a lot of water.
If you still think it may be the baking soda, check to see if you have the kind in the shaker bottle sold in grocery stores meant for stainless products and cleaning, you may want to downgrade to the food version of the baking soda, which has smaller particles. Again, I doubt that your baking soda will scratch anything. It's safe enough for enamel on teeth, which is relatively delicate too.
Make sure your sponge is not abrasive or has any scrubby pads in it.