My DH is a family practitioner. When our first was born, DH was in residency, and managed to get 4 weeks paid off. 2 weeks of that was technically a "home study" rotation where he had to prepare a presentation. It worked out well. He started his 4 weeks on a Monday, and I promptly went into labor and delivered on Wednesday

However, during the second week he was home, he got an unexpected opportunity to moonlight at another local clinic. We desperately needed the money at the time, so it was actually quite a blessing. He did that part time, and was home part time. It was probably good for me to "work into" being a full-time SAHM. (I quit my job 3 weeks before DS was born).
With #2, he took a week off. DD was born at 39w5d, but looked and acted like a 37 weeker. She had major breastfeeding problems and then got severe, scary jaundice and was admitted to the hospital. DH ended up taking some extra days/half-days due to all that. Fortunately, both my parents and my ILs (who are wonderful, helpful people) live very close and they pitched and helped us a lot, especially with DS.
We're TTC #3 at the moment, and I'm not sure what we'll do. DH is the sole physician in a very busy county clinic, and that makes it difficult for him to just take vacation. He does have a PA and an NP, but he'll probably still answer some calls from the clinic, go in and sign some prescriptions (he's the only one who can Rx narcotics), etc. He also covers the local jail and juvenile detention centers, and will probably have to answer pages from them. I'm just praying that they recruit another physician before then!
Jen