We practice consensual living, though we are still learning and growing as a family. I have done a lot of reading, thinking, and it is a constant struggle to work on letting go of the "control" mindset.
It frustrates me that people (IRL mostly) think that consensual living means child-centered living, or basically not parenting and letting your child do whatever they want. The basis of consensual living includes everyone involved, not just focused on the child getting his/her way in each situation because that's what the child wants to do. I believe with consensual living you *can* say no when it is needed, but with respect and while offering other alternatives, age appropriate explanations, etc. As a parent, though I practice consensual living, I still feel as if it's my duty to be sure my sick baby takes medicine she needs to get well even if she doesn't want to do it at the moment, or to be certain my toddler doesn't run in the road despite the fact that she thinks it's a fun place to play, or to tell my child we have to go to the grocery store to buy food even if she does not want to if there are no other options at the time. I think the most difficult part about living consensually is to be able to figure out in what instances your child isn't old enough to judge for themselves, like when taking medicine, and to respond in a respectful way rather than a strict authoritarian way. Does that make sense?
So when my toddler wanted to run in the road, I stopped her. I told her it was dangerous. On the occasions where she actually ran into the road or out in a parking lot I would cry out for her to stop and even when she was small she would understand the emotion in my voice--fear and worry, urgency. When she was too young to fully understand to not run away, if she got it in her head that she was going to run in the road constantly while we were out or something, we would just go inside. If we had to be out or we were in a parking lot I would offer alternatives--slings and carriers, stroller, piggy back, shoulders, grocery cart, holding hands, even holding a piece of her clothing when she was opposed to holding hands.
Sometimes gentle redirection is all you can do. After all, a toddler is not mature enough to fully understand and make decisions for themselves in all situations! I think that's the fine line between letting your kid do whatever they want or being a parent who is mindful and respectful.
The nap issue is kind of along the same vein. It's a fine line again. Sometimes toddlers and young children are tired but aren't mature enough to go to sleep. But you also don't want to force them. What do you do? When my DD doesn't want to go to bed (she's almost 3 now) we explain to her that daddy has to go to bed because he gets up early for work. Momma is tired. Living consensually, she has to learn to respect our needs as well as meet her own needs. So we find a way to compromise--she can watch tv shows in bed with us while we sleep or play quietly with the toys we select and bring to bed, but she can't get up and run and play and wake up the entire house. When she was less toddler and more of a baby it was difficult because she couldn't understand the idea that we also have needs...I think she needed us to rock her and nurse her and not give up on getting her to sleep even though she was fighting to keep herself awake when she was obviously exhausted.
I've found when you avoid making something a power struggle in the early toddler years then the behavior easily resolves itself once the child is old enough to understand better.
When there is hitting involved I acknowledge my initial reaction--frustration, anger, or whatever it may be--and then I put that aside and think of how DD must be feeling. Why she might need to hit--is she frustrated, overwhelmed, tired, feeling powerless, etc. Then I respond appropriately. Sometimes that means removing ourselves from the situation if she is overwhelmed. Other times she just needs me to remind her that hitting hurts and to ask her what's wrong.
Potty learning--I think it is consensual if you introduce the potty, just don't force him to do anything. Sit him on it if he is relaxed and interested. Don't make him sit on it or bribe him to sit on it. Let him watch you (and DH) in the bathroom, talk about it with him. It's fine to introduce new things as long as you follow his lead and are responsive to how he feels.
I think consensual living looks different for every family, it's so subjective to the personalities of the people in your family and your living situation.