I am so sorry you will be having chemo and unable to nurse.
You want to pump after a feeding unless you're having foremilk issues and specifically want to pump some foremilk off before nursing your LO.
You naturally have a higher supply in the morning, so a good way to build a supply is to pump right after your baby has his or her first good morning feeding. I started doing this this time when ds was less than a week old, and within 2 weeks I was getting 10 extra oz each morning. It built up gradually - the first few times I pumped, I got next to nothing (0.5 oz, 1 oz, or so).
In your position, I would also pump on the breast the baby is not nursing from during every feeding to the extent I could stand it. It'll be hard, because you have to set up each time etc. Definitely get your hands on some hands-free pumping bra options so you have what you need. But I would try very hard to be pumping on the other breast during each feeding. It means your baby will be nursing a ton and you'd basically be trying to support the babe on one breast, but we know it can be done. Your body can step up to the plate and make a ton of extra milk. What I'm suggesting is to essentially behave as if you had twins, but the pump is one of the twins. Make sure you alternate which breast the baby is feeding from and which breast you're pumping from.
Storage: I personally like the Lansinoh bags. They are plastic breastmilk freezer storage bags. The best way to store the milk is to pump, pour it into a bag, seal it and put it directly in the freezer, preferably a chest freezer or the back of a freezer compartment (preferably not on the door). In your situation, I would freeze milk in 2 or 3 oz portions so that there is a minimum of waste when you go to use it.
You may also want to check to see if you have a lot of lipase in your milk. This can be tested by freezing some milk for a couple of days and then smelling/tasting it. If it smells slightly soapy, sour or rancid, you may have extra lipase in your milk. If this is the case, to be on the safe side and be certain the baby will take the defrosted milk, I would scald the milk before freezing. It's an extra step but I would hate for you to pump like crazy and then have your baby not take the milk.
There is info on all this stuff, including the lipase issue, on kellymom. GL and let me know if you have any other questions. I'm currently pumping for my second child while I work full-time and I remember how uncertain/confused I felt when preparing to pump for my first baby.