Jennifer James

Breastfeeding In Rewind

The Beauty of Breastfeeding

December 27th, 2008


Did you receive your January/ February issue of Mothering? I did and I can’t help but feel immensely encouraged and happy about life. Although I’m a little partial, I have always loved the sense of community and mothering love Mothering magazine exudes. It’s such a treat for all of us.

It’s been awhile since I blogged last. I often do a disappearing act when life gets in the way. I’ve been thinking of ways to create some sort of community with all of you, my dear readers. Getting constant feedback from you helps me keep going as it takes immense time and dedication to hunt down historic breastfeeding photos. I also often think about how all of this work could easily translate into a Ph.D. Maybe one day. But I am always encouraged by communication with readers.

What do you think? How do you think we can all stay more connected? You with me and me with you? I’d love to create a blogroll of readers’ blogs so I can visit and read about what’s going on in your life. If you have a blog and read here regularly, please leave a comment with your URL.

Think about it. I’d love to create some type of community with those of you who read regularly. It will help me keep digging for photos and it will also help me meet more of you, not just in the comments.

I found this photo recently and think it’s one of the most beautiful photographs I’ve seen in the two years since I’ve been discovering these black and white photos online.

Here is a French women nursing her baby in Rouen in April 1946. The father of the baby was an American GI.

[ 15 comments ]

Breastfeeding. A Family Affair?

December 3rd, 2008

It’s holiday time, and you know what that means. Festive family get-togethers will abound in households all across the country, and at these get-togethers nursing mothers will inevitably breastfeed their little ones.

Some will breastfeed freely and boldly in the open and other mothers will breastfeed in secret, relegated to a back bedroom.

A quick jaunt around mommy message boards and mom blogs will unearth unfortunate stories of mothers who complain about feeling too uncomfortable to breastfeed even around their friends and family. Some mothers’ parents, grandparents, or closest relatives do not understand why they have chosen to breastfeed and/or offer baseless comments criticizing how long they have chosen to breastfeed.

All too often we hear reports of mothers who are ill-treated by mall security guards or restaurant managers simply because they opted to breastfeed in public. But there are still countless incidents where mothers are ridiculed and ostracized about their decision to breastfeed, even among those who are closest to them. This is truly unfortunate, especially when it is unquestionably clear that breastfeeding is the best feeding option for infants.

During and after WWII, millions of mothers tucked away their breasts and opted to bottle-feed their babies as they entered the workforce for the first time. Although breastfeeding has made a remarkable comeback since then, the legacy of mass bottle-feeding still claims a stranglehold on our nation’s perception of breastfeeding; a perception that considers breastfeeding to be some sexualized nuisance that should forever remain locked in the confines of ones’ home, instead of a beautiful and natural way to nourish a baby. But America’s outlook on breastfeeding has not always been this way.

There was a time in America’s history when mothers, particularly rural mothers, could breastfeed in the presence of friends, family, men, children and even strangers without incident. And it simply wasn’t because commercial formulas were not on the market, because they were. It was because breastfeeding was considered as natural as the sunset. Below is a great example of this.

This mother and her husband are talking to a rehabilitation advisor who is helping them save their farm after the Great Depression. Notice how openly she is breastfeeding her baby and also notice how the men are acting. The fact that she is breastfeeding and her breast is exposed is not an issue to them. Breastfeeding back then simply “was.”  I’d also like to mention that the photographer was a man as well. Still, this mother is breastfeeding without shame or embarrassment.

Here is another example of a mother breastfeeding around her family and perfect strangers at a furniture auction in Hagerstown, Maryland in October 1937.

Again, notice the men in the photograph. They are not having a conniption because a mother is feeding her baby or even harassing her to nurse elsewhere. What great times these were for mothers who breastfed.

Do you think scenes like these would be the norm or the exception these days? There is no question about it; mothers breastfeed in public and in front of friends, family and strangers even today. But, what is certain is this: A cultural shift occurred in America as far as breastfeeding is concerned. These photographs highlight the shift that now considers breastfeeding to be an act practiced best in private.

[ 12 comments ]

Moms Nursing Newborns, 1946

November 24th, 2008

I really wanted to share this photograph because it’s simply a beautiful scene from 1946. The only thing is these are French women, so their culture by this time probably (and in all honestly, I don’t know) was not dead-set against breastfeeding like here in America. It’s nice to see women embracing breastfeeding no matter where they live.

Caption: Mothers nursing their babies while waiting their turn to see the doctor, a nun standing nearby.

Location: Paris, France
Date: 1946
Photographer: David E. Sherman
Copyright: Time Life

[ 7 comments ]

Breastfeeding and Men

November 22nd, 2008

One of these days I want to write a book about all these photos that I have been featuring on my blog. I believe there was a brief window in history where poor, rural mothers were afforded a level of breastfeeding freedom that their city-dwelling cousins didn’t have. Indeed, this was before the milk industry rushed in and changed infant feeding habits for mothers all across the country.

There are statistics about the growing number of women who bottle-fed their babies during this time, but what about the small percentage of women who continued to breastfeed? I want to tell their story. It would take a lot of work, to be sure, but I think it can be done

These are drought refugees from Oklahoma camping by the roadside. They hope to work in the cotton fields. The official at the border (California-Arizona) inspection service said that on this day, August 17, 1936, twenty-three car loads and truck loads of migrant families out of the drought counties of Oklahoma and Arkansas had passed through that station entering California up to 3 o’clock in the afternoon.

And here is the mother’s husband (I’m assuming). Even if he wasn’t her husband, this mother didn’t have to remove herself from the premises or cover herself just to nurse her son.

And this woman (below) didn’t feel compelled to nurse elsewhere even though she was being photographed nursing her daughter by a male photographer, Ben Shahn.


Breastfeeding, in my opinion and based on these photos, had not yet been defiled and was still a pristine practice.

It wouldn’t be long, though, before breastfeeding, as a natural practice, fell by the wayside especially as more mothers fed their babies cow’s milk in a bottle like this mother.


Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, FSA-OWI Collection, Reproduction Numbers: LC-USF34-009747-E DLC, LC-USF3301-006023-M5 DLC, LC-USF34-T01-009666-E DLC

[ 2 comments ]

Baby’s Gotta Eat!

November 16th, 2008

…even after mama has picked cotton for the day.

Cotton picker, Kaufman County, Texas 1936

[ 2 comments ]

Breastfeeding During Social Hour

September 15th, 2008

This is a photo I found in early spring and posted to my personal blog. It’s such a great photo that I had to post it here as well.

Although this photo isn’t dated, I wager a bet it was taken during the mid to late 1930s. It may potentially be the early 1940s. What is particularly telling about this photograph are the notes on the back of the photo (below) and the fact that once again breastfeeding in public was no big deal before the formula industry changed the perception of infant feeding (almost irreparably) in this country. The men could care less that a woman’s exposed breast is in full view of everyone, although the little boy on the right does seem a little enthralled by the baby breastfeeding.


Written Notes on Item
a) Part of Social Hour audience at Shafter Camp (handwritten on reverse); b) Todd’s favorite picture of an “Okie Family” in Shafter F.S.A. Camp. Nursing babies was the usual thing at camp “Socials.” (typed and attached to reverse)

[ 2 comments ]

Breastfeeding in Public 1919

September 9th, 2008

I believe the mother sitting on the bench whose face is partially blocked and is sitting in front of the tree is breastfeeding in public, but I can’t be absolutely sure. What do you think?

Mothers and children in a city park on a hot day, New York City] between ca. 1908 and 1919. Bain News Service photograph.

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[ 4 comments ]

Breastfeeding in Public, 1916

September 8th, 2008

Despite what sometimes feels like hostile reactions toward breastfeeding in public these days, there is a long tradition of nursing in public even though there were decades when mothers were taught to bottle feed as opposed to breastfeed. Here is a photo from May 15, 1916. The title of the photo is “The cornstock madonna” and was taken by Orin Crooker, Hoopeston, Ill.

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[ 8 comments ]

I Am So Thrilled To Be Blogging for Mothering

August 19th, 2008

Blogging for Mothering magazine is truly a dream come true for me! I never thought in a million years that I would be able to write on a daily basis for a magazine that I adore about a subject I hold dear: breastfeeding.

The angle I will take on breastfeeding here is going to be a bit unconventional. I won’t be blogging about current news and events surrounding breastfeeding. Instead I will blog about historic breastfeeding and show evidence that over the years the formula industry aided in making nursing in public taboo.

Some of you may know me from my personal breastfeeding blog, and others of you may be reading my writing for the very first time. A lot of what I have previously written I will also share here. I will publish a whole host of new photos and archived information about breastfeeding that has largely been lost to history.

On my about page it mentions a photograph I found on the Library of Congress website that prompted me on this never-ending search for more historic breastfeeding photos. Well, here it is. Here is the photo that started it all. I hope you join me as I find more and more photos and writings that show how much nursing in public was a part of everyday life for so many mothers for so long.


I’d like to introduce you to a mother who is traveling from Louisville, Kentucky to Memphis, Tennessee on a Greyhound bus. Here, she is waiting in the Chattanooga bus terminal and breastfeeding in public in September 1943.

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[ 12 comments ]



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